STORY
5
.
2
Rural Plight
Rural areas will see the heaviest impacts from climate change resulting in population decline.
STORY
5
.
2
Rural Plight
Rural areas will see the heaviest impacts from climate change resulting in population decline.
STORY
5
.
2
Rural Plight
Rural areas will see the heaviest impacts from climate change resulting in population decline.
Agriculture is a lifeline for rural communities, sustaining livelihoods across the region. Absent drastic mitigation, adaptation, and livelihood diversification, climate change will be disastrous for agricultural communities in the Greater Caribbean.
Agriculture is a lifeline for rural communities, sustaining livelihoods across the region. Absent drastic mitigation, adaptation, and livelihood diversification, climate change will be disastrous for agricultural communities in the Greater Caribbean.
Agriculture is a lifeline for rural communities, sustaining livelihoods across the region. Absent drastic mitigation, adaptation, and livelihood diversification, climate change will be disastrous for agricultural communities in the Greater Caribbean.
Every country is projected to see people move out of rural areas by 2050. Of the 2.5 million people that could be pushed into poverty over that period, up to 2.2 million will live in rural areas.
Every country is projected to see people move out of rural areas by 2050. Of the 2.5 million people that could be pushed into poverty over that period, up to 2.2 million will live in rural areas.
Every country is projected to see people move out of rural areas by 2050. Of the 2.5 million people that could be pushed into poverty over that period, up to 2.2 million will live in rural areas.
Already today, climate change is negatively affecting harvests and forcing farmers to reconsider where and how to cultivate crops. Farmers in Antigua and Barbuda report adding more synthetic nutrients to soil to combat extreme heat, while others have seen lost yields from groundwater salinization. Decline in agricultural output also exacerbates food insecurity for rural households, which is already driving migration in the region. [1]
In Colombia, subsistence farmers reported having to relocate in order to feed their families after flooding killed their livestock. By 2050, projected losses in the agriculture sector could amount to almost 30% of regional GDP under the Rocky Road scenario. Each country, except for Dominica, will see more severe impacts to GDP per capita in rural areas than the national average. Economic decline could be especially pronounced for rural areas in Mexico, Colombia, Cuba, Belize, Guatemala, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
Already today, climate change is negatively affecting harvests and forcing farmers to reconsider where and how to cultivate crops. Farmers in Antigua and Barbuda report adding more synthetic nutrients to soil to combat extreme heat, while others have seen lost yields from groundwater salinization. Decline in agricultural output also exacerbates food insecurity for rural households, which is already driving migration in the region. [1]
In Colombia, subsistence farmers reported having to relocate in order to feed their families after flooding killed their livestock. By 2050, projected losses in the agriculture sector could amount to almost 30% of regional GDP under the Rocky Road scenario. Each country, except for Dominica, will see more severe impacts to GDP per capita in rural areas than the national average. Economic decline could be especially pronounced for rural areas in Mexico, Colombia, Cuba, Belize, Guatemala, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
Already today, climate change is negatively affecting harvests and forcing farmers to reconsider where and how to cultivate crops. Farmers in Antigua and Barbuda report adding more synthetic nutrients to soil to combat extreme heat, while others have seen lost yields from groundwater salinization. Decline in agricultural output also exacerbates food insecurity for rural households, which is already driving migration in the region. [1]
In Colombia, subsistence farmers reported having to relocate in order to feed their families after flooding killed their livestock. By 2050, projected losses in the agriculture sector could amount to almost 30% of regional GDP under the Rocky Road scenario. Each country, except for Dominica, will see more severe impacts to GDP per capita in rural areas than the national average. Economic decline could be especially pronounced for rural areas in Mexico, Colombia, Cuba, Belize, Guatemala, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
Figure 1
Comparison of climate mobility in rural areas under the Middle Road (SSP2-RCP4.5) and Rocky Road (SSP3-RCP7.0) scenarios by 2050
Comparison of climate mobility in rural areas under the Middle Road (SSP2-RCP4.5) and Rocky Road (SSP3-RCP7.0) scenarios by 2050
People arriving
People leaving
Net climate mobility
Source: GCCMI Greater Caribbean Climate Mobility Model, 2024.
Figure 1
Comparison of climate mobility in rural areas under the Middle Road (SSP2-RCP4.5) and Rocky Road (SSP3-RCP7.0) scenarios by 2050
Comparison of climate mobility in rural areas under the Middle Road (SSP2-RCP4.5) and Rocky Road (SSP3-RCP7.0) scenarios by 2050
People arriving
People leaving
Net climate mobility
Source: GCCMI Greater Caribbean Climate Mobility Model, 2024.
Figure 1
Comparison of climate mobility in rural areas under the Middle Road (SSP2-RCP4.5) and Rocky Road (SSP3-RCP7.0) scenarios by 2050
Comparison of climate mobility in rural areas under the Middle Road (SSP2-RCP4.5) and Rocky Road (SSP3-RCP7.0) scenarios by 2050
People arriving
People leaving
Net climate mobility
Source: GCCMI Greater Caribbean Climate Mobility Model, 2024.
Figure 2
Rural areas of Belize face economic risks as climate change accelerates.
Toledo and Stann Creek Districts, Belize
%
By 2050, Belize could lose 29% of its GDP in rural areas (Rocky Road scenario). The Stann Creek and Toledo districts could be hotspots for agricultural decline. The Indigenous Garífuna and Maya populations in these districts, many of whom rely on subsistence farming, could be particularly vulnerable to climate impacts in these areas.
GDP Loss
Pink circles represent projected GDP per capita loss due to climate change under the Rocky Road Scenario (SSP3-RCP7.0) by 2050, ranging from 7% (smallest circles) - 86% (largest circles) GDP loss.
Figure 2
Rural areas of Belize face economic risks as climate change accelerates.
Toledo and Stann Creek Districts, Belize
%
By 2050, Belize could lose 29% of its GDP in rural areas (Rocky Road scenario). The Stann Creek and Toledo districts could be hotspots for agricultural decline. The Indigenous Garífuna and Maya populations in these districts, many of whom rely on subsistence farming, could be particularly vulnerable to climate impacts in these areas.
GDP Loss
Pink circles represent projected GDP per capita loss due to climate change under the Rocky Road Scenario (SSP3-RCP7.0) by 2050, ranging from 7% (smallest circles) - 86% (largest circles) GDP loss.
Figure 2
Rural areas of Belize face economic risks as climate change accelerates.
Toledo and Stann Creek Districts, Belize
%
By 2050, Belize could lose 29% of its GDP in rural areas (Rocky Road scenario). The Stann Creek and Toledo districts could be hotspots for agricultural decline. The Indigenous Garífuna and Maya populations in these districts, many of whom rely on subsistence farming, could be particularly vulnerable to climate impacts in these areas.
GDP Loss
Pink circles represent projected GDP per capita loss due to climate change under the Rocky Road Scenario (SSP3-RCP7.0) by 2050, ranging from 7% (smallest circles) - 86% (largest circles) GDP loss.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Ricat
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Ricat
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Ricat
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Agriculture supports millions in the Caribbean, including Norlan Noel Vilchez who works on Luis Arturo Bonilla’s farm. Without adaptation measures, climate change could upend their livelihoods and push many into poverty.
San Pablo de León Cortés, Costa Rica
The owners of the Mercedes Farm are diversifying their crops to adapt to climate change. This provides more resilience and stable work for farm hands like Alfonso Martínez, who settled in Costa Rica after seven years of seasonal migration.
Tarrazú, Costa Rica
Many Ngäbe, Indigenous people from southern Costa Rica and Panama, migrate seasonally to work in the coffee harvest. Mamerto Abrego has spent 15 years on the same farm and is now largely settled in Costa Rica with his family.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Albaro Casco Mejía works in Costa Rica and sends remittances to his family in Nicaragua. Many fellow Nicaraguans (have begun to) leave for the U.S. as climate change upends work on the coffee farms, but he plans to stay in Costa Rica.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Rafael Abrego, a Ngäbe from Panama, migrated with his family to San Vito in southern Costa Rica. Limited job opportunities led him to Dota. He now sends remittances, a vital connection to his family and community back home.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Carlos Gómez Trejos moved from Guanacaste in the northeast 8 years ago because changing weather patterns made work increasingly unstable. He’s part of a larger exodus out of flood- and drought-prone farmlands that is reshaping the region.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Andrés Miranda Guerra, a Ngäbe from Panama, moved to Costa Rica twenty years ago for better job prospects. As coffee harvests - and thus job opportunities - falter due to climate change he is forced to consider moving back to Panama.
Copey de Dota, Costa Ricat
Marla Abrego Miranda, the daughter of migrant workers, plays in a hammock at home. Soon to start kindergarten, Marla is part of a generation of children of Nicaraguan and Panamanian migrants who attend local schools.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Anabel Hidalgo, academic coordinator at Copey de Dota School, has observed fluctuations in student enrollment since 2016. Climate-driven shifts in seasonal migration affect the school attendance of Ngäbe and Nicaraguan children.
Copey de Dota, Costa Rica
Cousins Cristina Baker and María Palacios, born to Panamanian migrants, explore lantern ideas for Costa Rican Independence Day. While the new generation embraces the local customs, their parents worry that they may be forced to leave.
As people leave flood and drought-prone farmlands, settlement patterns in the region will be reshaped. Guyana is projected to see the most significant rural population decline with nearly 10% of its rural population projected to move by 2050. Rural communities in Belize, St. Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada are also projected to see declines. However, some agricultural villages and towns could be replenished by new arrivals, such as in Suriname, The Bahamas, Haiti, and Costa Rica, where coastal populations are projected to turn inland to escape hazards, particularly sea-level rise.
As people leave flood and drought-prone farmlands, settlement patterns in the region will be reshaped. Guyana is projected to see the most significant rural population decline with nearly 10% of its rural population projected to move by 2050. Rural communities in Belize, St. Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada are also projected to see declines. However, some agricultural villages and towns could be replenished by new arrivals, such as in Suriname, The Bahamas, Haiti, and Costa Rica, where coastal populations are projected to turn inland to escape hazards, particularly sea-level rise.
As people leave flood and drought-prone farmlands, settlement patterns in the region will be reshaped. Guyana is projected to see the most significant rural population decline with nearly 10% of its rural population projected to move by 2050. Rural communities in Belize, St. Vincent & the Grenadines, and Grenada are also projected to see declines. However, some agricultural villages and towns could be replenished by new arrivals, such as in Suriname, The Bahamas, Haiti, and Costa Rica, where coastal populations are projected to turn inland to escape hazards, particularly sea-level rise.
References
Pons, D. (2021, February 18). Climate Extremes, Food Insecurity, and Migration in Central America: A Complicated Nexus - Guatemala | ReliefWeb. https://reliefweb.int/report/guatemala/climate-extremes-food-insecurity-and-migration-central-america-complicated-nexus
References
Pons, D. (2021, February 18). Climate Extremes, Food Insecurity, and Migration in Central America: A Complicated Nexus - Guatemala | ReliefWeb. https://reliefweb.int/report/guatemala/climate-extremes-food-insecurity-and-migration-central-america-complicated-nexus
References
Pons, D. (2021, February 18). Climate Extremes, Food Insecurity, and Migration in Central America: A Complicated Nexus - Guatemala | ReliefWeb. https://reliefweb.int/report/guatemala/climate-extremes-food-insecurity-and-migration-central-america-complicated-nexus
